TOP Objective Geography for Competitive Exams

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Geography Definition: Geography is the study of the Earth’s physical features, climate, weather patterns, ecosystems, and the relationships between human society and the environment.

Physical Geography: Physical geography focuses on the Earth’s physical features, including landforms (such as mountains, valleys, and plains), rivers, lakes, oceans, climate, weather patterns, and natural resources.

Human Geography: Human geography examines the relationship between humans and the environment. It studies population distribution, migration patterns, cultural landscapes, urbanization, economic activities, and the impact of human activities on the environment.

Maps and Cartography: Maps are graphical representations of the Earth’s surface, showing features such as boundaries, topography, and spatial relationships. Cartography is the science and art of mapmaking, involving the design, creation, and interpretation of maps.

Earth’s Structure: The Earth is composed of several layers, including the crust (outermost layer), mantle (beneath the crust), outer core, and inner core. The lithosphere, which includes the crust and uppermost part of the mantle, is divided into tectonic plates that interact and cause geological phenomena like earthquakes and volcanoes.

Climate and Weather: Climate refers to the long-term average weather conditions in a specific region, including temperature, precipitation, humidity, and wind patterns. Weather refers to short-term atmospheric conditions, such as temperature changes, rainfall, and storms.

Ecosystems and Biomes: Ecosystems are communities of plants, animals, and microorganisms interacting with their physical environment. Biomes are large ecological regions characterized by distinctive climate, vegetation, and animal life, such as deserts, forests, grasslands, and tundras.

Natural Hazards: Natural hazards are events or phenomena occurring in the environment that can cause harm to humans and their property. Examples include earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, hurricanes, tsunamis, floods, and wildfires.

Water Resources: Water is a critical resource for life and human activities. Geography studies water bodies, such as rivers, lakes, and oceans, as well as water availability, usage, and management, including issues related to water scarcity and pollution.

Urban Geography: Urban geography examines cities and urban areas, including their growth, spatial organization, urban planning, transportation systems, socioeconomic characteristics, and the challenges they face, such as urban sprawl and sustainable development.

Globalization: Geography plays a crucial role in understanding the processes of globalization, including the interconnectedness of economies, the flow of goods, services, and information, and the spatial patterns of economic activities and cultural diffusion.

These points provide a brief overview of the vast field of geography. There are many sub-disciplines and specific topics within geography that offer a deeper understanding of the Earth’s physical and human landscapes.

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Most Important Geography Question Answer

1.What is the southernmost point of India?

Ans: Pygmalion or Indira Point in Andaman & Nicobar Islands

2.What is the length of the coastline of the country including Lakshdweep and Andaman & Nicobar islands?

Ans: 7516 Km

3.What is the Standard Meridian of India ?

Ans: 82∘ 30′

4.With which country India shares its longest border?

Ans: Bangladesh

5.Which channel separates Andaman and Nicobar Group?

Ans: 10 Degree Channel

6.Which is the only Indus river tributary which flows entirely in India?

Ans: River Beas

7.Where did the Ganga river originate from?

Ans: Gangotri glacier, Uttarakhand

8.What is the route of National Waterway 2 that is on Brahmaputra river?

Ans: Dhubri to Sadiya

9.In which soil is the process of self ploughing found?

Ans: Black soil

10.Red soils are red in colour due to the presence of ___

Ans: Iron Oxides

11.Which types of crops are mainly grown in Laterite soils?

Ans: Plantation Crops like tea, coffee

12.Where does the eastern ghats and western ghats meet?

Ans: Nilgiri

13.What is the highest peak in South India?

Ans: Anaimudi

14.What are the Coastal plains from Daman to Goa called?

Ans: Konkan coast

15.Which channel separates Minicoy island from the main Lakshadweep?

Ans: Nine Degree channel

16.Winter rain in Chennai is caused by____

Ans: North East Monsoon

17.Which type of climate has the characteristic of seasonal reversal of winds?

Ans: Monsoon Climate

18.Where is the Nokrek Biosphere Reserve located?

Ans: Meghalaya

19.How many biosphere reserves are in India?

Ans: 18

20.Where is the Kakrapara Nuclear plant located?

Ans: Gujarat

21.Where was the India’s first cotton textile mill setup?

Ans: Mumbai, 1854

22.Where was the India’s first Jute mill setup?

Ans: Rishra near kolkata in 1855

23.Which is the longest National Highway in the Country?

Ans: NH7 connecting Varanasi to Kanyakumari

24.Which state has the largest length of national highways?

Ans: Uttar Pradesh

25.Where is the headquarters of South-Eastern Railway zone?

Ans: Kolkata

26.Which state has the highest urban population?

Ans: Maharashtra

27.What are the left bank tributaries of river Godavari?

Ans: Penganga, Wardha, Wainganga, Indravati and Sabri.

28.Which direction flowing rivers generally form estuaries at their mouth?

Ans: West flowing rivers

29.Sardar sarovar dam is constructed on the river___

Ans: Narmada

30.Which country is separated from india through narrow Palk Strait?

Ans: Sri Lanka

31.Name the states through which the Tropic of Cancer passes through

Ans: Mizoram, Rajasthan, Jharkhand, Chattisgarh, West Bengal, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh & Tripura

32.Where does the rivers Beas and Sutlej meet?

Ans: Harike

33.Which river originates from the northern hills of Dandakaranya, Raipur, Chattisgarh?

Ans: Mahanadi

34.Which state has the largest forest cover in the Country?

Ans: Madhya Pradesh

35.Where are the Naharkatiya and Digboi mines located in the country?

Ans: Assam

36.Which is the largest cotton producing state in the country?

Ans: Gujarat

37.Which states are drained by the Cauvery river?

Ans: Karnataka, Kerala, Puducherry and Tamil Nadu

38.Which coastal plains have backwaters locally called Kayals?

Ans: Malabar coast

39.What is the zone of low pressure called where Northeast trade winds and southeast trade winds converge?

Ans: Inter Tropical Convergence Zone

40.What type of crops are grown in Rabi season?

Ans: Wheat, gram, barley, potato, oil seeds such as linseed, rapeseed and mustard

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TOP Objective Geography for Competitive Exams