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Essay on Second World War (1939-1945) in English for UPSC

   Published Date: 9th March 2023
Essay on Second World War (1939-1945) in English for UPSC

Essay on Second World War (1939-1945) in English for UPSC

Hello Aspirants,

The Second World War was a global conflict that lasted from 1939 to 1945. The war involved the majority of the world’s nations, including all of the great powers, and resulted in the deaths of millions of soldiers and civilians. The war was characterized by widespread destruction, mass atrocities, and the use of new and devastating weapons, such as nuclear bombs.

World War II – World War II began with the German invasion of Poland on 1 September 1939. Two days later, on September 3, Britain and France declared war on Germany. After running for 6 years, this war ended on 2 September 1945.

background of the war
The seeds of this war were sown in the flawed Treaty of Versailles in 1919 itself. A powerful and nationalist country like Germany could not forget its humiliation yet. He wanted to avenge his humiliation at any cost. In 1935, Germany violated the Treaty of Versailles. In this sequence, on 1 September 1939, Germany invaded Poland.

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Second World War (1939-1945)

The causes of the Second World War can be traced back to the harsh conditions imposed on Germany after the First World War, including the loss of territory and the requirement to pay large reparations. The rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party in Germany also played a significant role in the outbreak of the war, as Hitler sought to expand German territory and establish a new order in Europe.

The war began on September 1, 1939, when Germany invaded Poland. Britain and France, which had guaranteed Poland’s independence, declared war on Germany two days later. The war quickly spread throughout Europe, with Germany conquering much of Western Europe and Italy joining the war on the side of the Axis powers, which also included Japan and several other nations.

In 1941, Germany invaded the Soviet Union, which had previously signed a non-aggression pact with Germany. This proved to be a major turning point in the war, as the Soviet Union, with the help of its allies, was able to push back the German forces and eventually defeat them.

In 1941, the United States entered the war following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. The United States, along with its allies Britain and the Soviet Union, launched a massive effort to defeat the Axis powers, with battles taking place across Europe, Asia, and Africa.

The war was characterized by a series of brutal atrocities committed by both sides, including the Holocaust, in which millions of Jews and other minority groups were systematically murdered by the Nazis. The war also saw the use of new and devastating weapons, such as the atomic bomb, which was dropped on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, resulting in the deaths of hundreds of thousands of civilians.

The war finally came to an end in 1945, with the unconditional surrender of Germany and Japan. The war had a profound impact on the world, both politically and socially. The political map of Europe was once again redrawn, with the establishment of new nations and the division of Germany into East and West. The war also marked the beginning of the Cold War, as tensions between the Soviet Union and the United States intensified.

On a social level, the war had a profound impact on the millions of soldiers and civilians who were killed, injured, or displaced. The war also played a significant role in the rise of the United States as a superpower, as its economic and military strength helped it emerge as a dominant global force.

Main facts –

In 1936 civil war started in Spain.
Spain became the first victim jointly of Italy and Germany.
The Munich Pact was concluded in September 1938.
Germany’s plan to invade Russia was called Operation Barbossa.
On August 23, 1939, the Germany-Russia invasion agreement was reached. Later, Germany attacked Russia in June 1939 accusing Russia of violating the agreement.

On 10 June 1940, Italy entered the war on the side of Germany.
On 8 December 1941, America entered World War II.
At the time of this war, the President of America was Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Prime Minister of Britain was Binston Churchill.
The credit for Germany’s defeat in this world war is given to Russia.
Japan was the last country to be defeated by the Allies in this war.

First use of atomic bomb

The atomic bomb was used for the first time in World War II. On August 6, 1945, the US dropped the first atomic bomb (Little Boy) containing Uranium-235 on the Japanese city of Hiroshima. After this, on August 9, the second atomic bomb containing plutonium-293 (Fat Man) was dropped on Nagasaki, the second city of Japan.

Establishment of the United Nations

For the prevention of such fierce wars in the future, a worldwide organization, the United Nations, was established on 24 October 1945. Its headquarter is located in New York.

In conclusion, the Second World War was a global conflict that had a profound impact on the world. It was characterized by widespread destruction, mass atrocities, and the use of new and devastating weapons. The war ultimately resulted in the deaths of millions of soldiers and civilians and the redrawing of the political map of Europe. Its impact on the world, both politically and socially, was profound, and its legacy would continue to be felt for decades to come.

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Essay on Second World War (1939-1945) in English for UPSC

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