Essay on First World War (1914-1918) in English

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The First World War, also known as the Great War, was a global conflict that lasted from 1914 to 1918. The war involved many of the world’s major powers, including Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire on one side, and Britain, France, Russia, and the United States on the other. The war was characterized by trench warfare, technological innovation, and a staggering loss of life. It ultimately resulted in the deaths of millions of soldiers and civilians and the redrawing of the political map of Europe. World War I – World War I began on 28 July 1914 after Austria invaded Serbia. A total of 37 countries participated in it. This war ended on 11 November 1918 after lasting a total of four years.

One of the primary causes of the war was the complex system of alliances that had developed among the major powers in the years leading up to 1914. These alliances were designed to deter potential aggressors by ensuring that any act of aggression would result in a collective response from the alliance partners. However, this system also created a situation where a single incident or act of aggression could quickly escalate into a wider conflict involving multiple nations.

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The spark that ignited the war was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary in Sarajevo on June 28, 1914. The assassin was a member of a Serbian nationalist group, and the incident quickly led to a diplomatic crisis between Austria-Hungary and Serbia. As tensions escalated, other major powers became involved, and by early August 1914, war had broken out across Europe.

The early months of the war saw rapid movement and major battles, but by the end of 1914, the fronts had largely stabilized into a system of trenches. This trench warfare would become a defining characteristic of the war, with soldiers on both sides digging in and engaging in brutal battles over small patches of ground.

Over the course of the war, new technologies such as machine guns, tanks, and poison gas were developed and used on the battlefield, resulting in horrific casualties. The war also saw major naval battles and the use of submarines, which had a significant impact on the flow of resources and materials between nations.

Despite several attempts to negotiate peace, the war continued for four long years, with both sides suffering heavy losses. In 1917, the entry of the United States into the war tipped the balance in favor of the Allies, and by November 1918, Germany had signed an armistice agreement and the war was over.

The First World War had a profound impact on the world, both politically and socially. The political map of Europe was redrawn, with the Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman Empires breaking up and new nations emerging. The war also paved the way for the rise of new ideologies such as communism, fascism, and nationalism, which would shape the course of the 20th century.

On a social level, the war had a devastating impact on the millions of soldiers and civilians who were killed, injured, or displaced. The war also had a significant impact on the role of women in society, with many taking on new roles in the workforce and in support of the war effort.

The order of the countries involved in the war –

Germany invaded Russia on 1 August 1914 and France on 3 August 1914.
After this, on 8 August 1914, England joined the First World War.
On 26 April 1915, Italy joined World War I.
On 6 April 1917, America joined the First World War. Because a ship named Lusitania of England was sunk by a German U-boat. Out of 1153 people who died in this ship, 128 people were from America.

Immediate cause of First World War –

The immediate cause of the world war was the assassination of Prince Ferdinand of Austria in the Bosnian capital, Sarajevo.

World War Two Factions

In this war, the whole country was divided into two factions, Mitrashtra and Dhurirashtra. In 1882, the Triumvirate was formed between Italy, Germany and Austria. Germany was leading the Axis powers. This included Italy, Germany, Austria and Hungary. The Allies included England, Japan, America, Russia and France.

Situation after the end of the war

On 11 November 1918, after the end of the war, a peace conference was held in Paris. A total of 27 countries participated in this peace conference. But the terms of peace treaties were being decided by only three countries – Britain, France and America. The heads of state who had a role in determining the terms of this peaceful conference were the following – Woodrow Wilson (US President), Lloyd George (British Prime Minister), and George Clemenceau (French Prime Minister).

Treaty of Versailles –

The Treaty of Versailles was signed with Germany on 28 June 1919. In this treaty, Germany was blamed for the war and pressure was put on it in every way. An amount of 6 billion 500 million pounds was sought from Germany as war reparations. It was a one-sided treaty that Germany was forced to sign. German nationalists felt humiliated after this treaty, and this flawed treaty led to the sowing of the next terrible war. The world had to bear the brunt of this in the form of World War II.

In conclusion, the First World War was a global conflict that had a profound impact on the world. It was characterized by trench warfare, technological innovation, and a staggering loss of life. The war ultimately resulted in the deaths of millions of soldiers and civilians and the redrawing of the political map of Europe. Its impact on the world, both politically and socially, was profound, and its legacy would continue to be felt for decades to come.

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