History Handwritten Notes pdf in English for HSSC CET

Hello Aspirants,

1. Ancient India:

• Ancient India encompasses the time period from the Indus Valley Civilization (around 2500 BCE) to the Gupta Empire (6th century CE).
• The Indus Valley Civilization was one of the world’s earliest urban civilizations, known for its well-planned cities like Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro.
• The Vedic period witnessed the composition of the Rigveda and the emergence of early Hinduism.
• The Maurya Empire, under the rule of Chandragupta Maurya and Ashoka, was a prominent political and cultural power in ancient India.

2. Medieval India:

• Medieval India refers to the period between the 8th and 18th centuries, marked by the arrival of Islam and the establishment of Islamic dynasties.
• The Delhi Sultanate (1206-1526) saw the rule of various dynasties like the Slave dynasty, Khilji dynasty, Tughlaq dynasty, and the Mughal Empire (1526-1857).
• The Mughal Empire, under rulers like Akbar, Jahangir, Shah Jahan, and Aurangzeb, witnessed significant cultural and architectural developments.

3. Colonial Era:

• The colonial era in India began with the arrival of European powers, including the Portuguese, Dutch, French, and British.
• The British East India Company gained control over various parts of India, leading to the establishment of British colonial rule.
• The British Raj (1858-1947) brought significant political, social, and economic changes in India.

4. Indian Independence Movement:

• The Indian independence movement was a long and arduous struggle against British colonial rule.
• It included various phases and movements such as the early nationalist movements, the Indian National Congress, the Non-Cooperation Movement, the Civil Disobedience Movement, and the Quit India Movement.
• Prominent leaders of the independence movement included Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Subhas Chandra Bose, and many others.

5. Post-Independence India:

• India gained independence from British rule on August 15, 1947, and adopted a democratic system of government.
• The country faced challenges such as the partition of India, communal violence, and the integration of princely states.
• Jawaharlal Nehru became the first Prime Minister of independent India and played a key role in shaping the country’s policies and institutions.

6. Modern India:

• Modern India has seen significant developments in various fields, including politics, economy, technology, and culture.
• The Green Revolution, economic reforms of the 1990s, and the growth of the IT sector have transformed India’s economy.
• Important events include the wars with Pakistan and China, the emergency period, and the economic liberalization policies.

Please note that these are brief notes, and history is a vast subject with many more details and nuances. Further study and reference to specific historical periods and events are recommended for a comprehensive understanding.

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Most Important Indian History Question Answer

1. Which among the following is not a correct pair?

A. Ellora Caves – Rastrakuta Rulers

B. Mahabalipuram – Pallava Rulers

C. Khajuraho – Chandellas

D. Elephanta Caves – Mauyra Era

Ans: D

2. Which among the following Kavya of Sanskrit, deal with court intrigues & access to power of Chandragupta Maurya?

A. Mrichhakatika

B. Ritusamhara

C. Kumarasambhava

D. Mudrarakshahsa

Ans: D

3. On which of the following systems of Hindu Philosophy , Shankaracharya wrote commentary in 9th century AD?

A. Sankhya

B. Vaisheshika

C. Yoga

D. Uttarmimansa

Ans: D

4. The eighth-century tripartite power struggle was among which of the following?

A. Cholas, Rastrakutas and Yadavas,

B. Chalukyas, Pallavas and Pandyas

C. Cholas, Pandyas and Chalukyas

D. Chalukyas, Pallavas and Yadavas

Ans: B

5. Which among the following is not correct?

A. The capital of pandyas was Madurai

B. The capital of Cheras was Vanchi

C. Capital of the Videha Kingdom – Mithila

D. Capital of Gahadwal Dynasty – Kannauj

Ans: C

6. Which king started the organization of Kumbh fair at Allahabad?

A. Harshavardhana

B. Dhruvasena Ii

C. Narshimhvarman

D. Akabar

Ans: A

7. Upnishads are books on :

A. Politics

B. Philosophy

C. Medicine

D. Social life

Ans: B

8. Who was the first Indian ruler who had territory outside India?

A. Ashoka

B. Chandragupta Maurya

C. Kanishka

D. Huvishka

Ans: C

9. Which of the following statement is wrong?

A. Sunga dynasty was founded by pushyamitra

B. Ashoka the great Mauryan king died in 332 BC

C. Ashoka invaded the kalinga in 261 BC

D. Chandragupta Maurya earned the title of the Liberator.

Ans: B

10. Who among the following was worshipped during Early Vedic Civilization?

A. Varuna

B. Indra

C. Surya

D. All the above

Ans: D

11. Where were the hymns of Rigveda composed?

A. Punjab

B. Gujarat

C. Rajasthan

D. Uttar Pradesh

Ans: A

12. Which among the following is a place in Larkana district of Sind province in Pakistan?

A. Alamgirpur

B. Harappa

C. Rangapur

D. Mohenjo-Daro

Ans: D

13. What led to the end of Indus Valley Civilization?

A. Invasion of Aryans

B. Recurrent Floods

C. Earthquakes

D. All the above

Ans: D

14. Who was the main male God worshipped by Indus people?

A. Lord Vishnu

B. Vishnu

C. Brahma

D. Indra

Ans: A

15. Which empire lasted the longest among the following?

A. The Palas

B. The Pratiharas

C. The Rashtrakutas

D. The Senas

Ans: C

16. Which of the following statement is wrong?

A. Dharmpala was the founder of Pala dynasty.

B. Vikramashila University was founded by Dharmpala ?

C. Bhoja was the founder of Pritihara Empire.

D. Krishna III was the last Rashtrakuta king.

Ans: A

17. Which of the following statement is/ are correct?

I. In the 326 BC Alexander invaded India.

II. Ambhi (king of TaxilA. welcomed Alexander and his men

III. Alexander died in 332 BC

Code:

A. All are correct

B. Only I, III

C. Only I, II

D. II, III

Ans: C

18. Who was the ruler of the kingdom between the rivers Jhelum and Chenab?

A. Alexander the Great

B. Darius III

C. King Porus

D. Chandragupta Maurya

Ans: C

19. Who was the last Hindu emperor of northern India?

A. Harsha

B. Pulakesin II

C. Rajyavardhana

D. Skandagupta

Ans: A

20. Which of the following statement is/are correct?

I. Pulakesn I was the first ruler of the Chalukya dynasty?

II. Harshavardhana attacked the Chalukya territory during 608-642 AD?

III. Vikramaditya I died in 608 A.D.

Code:

A. All are correct

B. Only I

C. Only II,III

D. Only I, III

Ans: B

1. How many layers of Mohenjo-daro were found?

A. 6

B. 7

C. 8

D. 9

2. Which of the following literatures is known as Apaurusheya?

A. Vedas

B. Brahman

C. Upanishad

D. Aranyak

3. Out of 10 Mandals which pair is the latest?

A. 1 & 2

B. 5 & 6

C. 3 & 7

D. 1 & 10

4. Which Mandal is on the name of Vishwamitra?

A. 3

B. 4

C. 5

D. 6

5. Which is known as book of Melody?

A. Rigveda

B. Samveda

C. Atharvaveda

D. Yajurveda

6. Which Veda deals with magical hymn or charms of spell?

A. Rigveda

B. Samveda

C. Atharvaveda

D. Yajurveda

7. Economy of Vedic period was based on?

A. Pastureland

B. Agriculture

C. Mining

D. Cotton Cultivation

8. What is the ancient name of river Satulaj?

A. Askini

B. Vitasta

C. Shutodri

D. Parushni

9. Who was the master of Gautama Buddha?

A. Alara Kalama

B. Kalidas

C. Viswamitra

D. Vashistha

10. Who was the first nun of Gautama Buddha?

A. Meenakshi

B. Smriti

C. Gautami

D. Gargi

1. Study of inscription is called:

A. Archaeology

B. Numismatic

C. Epigraphy

D. Palaeography

2. Which of the following is related to Etymology?

A. Shiksha

B. Kalpa

C. Nirukta

D. Vyakaran

3. Who wrote Panchatantra?

A. Kalidas

B. Vishnu Sharma

C. Chanakya

D. Nagarjun

4. Which of the following is not a religious text?

A. Rigveda

B. Sangam

C. Upanishad

D. None of the above

5. Kalinga was situated between?

A. Godavari & Krishna

B. Mahanadi & Godavari

C. Mahanadi & Krishna

D. Krishna & Kaveri

6. What was the capital of Avanti?

A. Gaya

B. Ujjain

C. Satna

D. Vallabhi

7. Satavahana dynasty originated from?

A. South of Arawali

B. South of Vindhya

C. South of Satpura

D. South of Satmola

8. Which of following Chalcolithic sites comes under Ganges system?

A. Hanumangarh

B. Alamgirpur

C. Ropar

D. Mohenjodaro

9. Which of the following metals was not known during the Indus Valley Civilization?

A. Iron

B. Gold

C. Copper

D. Silver

10. Most depicted animal of the Indus Valley Civilization was?

A. Elephant

B. Lion

C. Bull

D. Dog

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