The Constitution of India in English pdf for IAS $ IFS

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The Constitution of India is the supreme law of the country, serving as a comprehensive framework that outlines the structure, powers, and functions of the government, as well as the rights and duties of citizens. It was adopted on January 26, 1950, replacing the Government of India Act (1935), and it came into effect on that day, marking India’s transformation into a republic.

1. Preamble:

The preamble outlines the goals and aspirations of the Indian Constitution, emphasizing justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity among its citizens.
2. Parts and Articles:

The Constitution is divided into various parts and articles that cover different aspects of governance, citizenship, fundamental rights, directive principles, and more.
3. Fundamental Rights:

These are the basic rights guaranteed to all citizens, including rights to equality, freedom of speech and expression, freedom of religion, cultural and educational rights, and the right to constitutional remedies.
4. Directive Principles of State Policy:

These are guidelines for the government to establish a just and equitable society by promoting welfare, economic development, and social justice.
5. Fundamental Duties:

These are a set of moral obligations for citizens to uphold the integrity and sovereignty of the nation, promote harmony, and contribute to the well-being of society.
6. Executive, Legislative, and Judicial Branches:

The Constitution establishes a federal system of government with a President as the head of state and a Prime Minister as the head of government.
The Parliament is the legislative body comprising the Lok Sabha (House of the People) and the Rajya Sabha (Council of States).
The Judiciary, including the Supreme Court and High Courts, is responsible for upholding the Constitution and ensuring justice.
7. Center-State Relations:

The Constitution provides for a division of powers between the central government and the state governments, with certain subjects falling under the jurisdiction of each.
8. Emergency Provisions:

The Constitution outlines provisions for situations of national emergency, state emergency, and financial emergency, granting the government special powers during such periods.
9. Amendment Process:

The Constitution can be amended to accommodate changing circumstances. Some amendments require a simple majority, while others require a special majority of both Houses of Parliament.
10. Independent Bodies:
– The Constitution establishes various independent bodies like the Election Commission, Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG), and Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) to ensure the impartial functioning of the government.

The Constitution of India is known for its comprehensive nature and its commitment to democracy, secularism, and social justice. It has provided the framework for governing the nation and has undergone several amendments to adapt to the evolving needs of the country.

Download GK Notes

Constitution of India Question Answer

Q 1. The Governor of a State is appointed by the President on the advice of the
(a) Prime Minister
(b) Vice- President
(c) Chief Minister
(d) Chief Justice
Answer: Prime Minister

Q 2. The President gives his resignation to the
(a) Chief Justice
(b) Parliament
(c) Vice President
(d) Prime Minister
Answer: Vice President

Q 3. For what period does the Vice President of India hold office ?
(a) 5 years
(b) Till the age of 65 years
(c) 6 years
(d) 2 years
Answer: 5 years

Q 4. Who among the following holds office during the pleasure of the President ?
(a) Governor
(b) Election Commissioner
(c) Speaker of Lok Sabha
(d) Prime Minister
Answer: Governor

Q 5. Which of the following is not true regarding the payment of the emoluments of the President ?
(a) They can be reduced during a Financial Emergency.
(b) They are shown separately in the budget.
(c) They are charged on the Contigency Fund of India.
(d) They do not require any parliament sanction.
Answer: They are charged on the Contigency Fund of India.

Q 6. The total number of members nominated by the President to the Lok Sabha and the Rajya
Sabha is
(a) 16
(b) 18
(c) 14
(d) 12
Answer: 14

Q 7. Which one of the following does not constitute the electoral college for electing the President
of India ?
(a) Elected members of Lok Sabha
(b) Elected members of the Legislative Assembly of each state.
(c) Elected members of the Legislative Council
(d) Elected members of Rajya Sabha
Answer: Elected members of the Legislative Council

Q 8. The council of Ministers in a Parliamentary type of Government can remain in office till it
enjoys the support of the
(a) Minority of members of the Upper House of Parliament
(b) Majority of the members of the Upper House of Parliament
(c) Minority of members of the Lower House
(d) Majority of the members of the Lower House of Parliament
Answer: Majority of the members of the Lower House of Parliament

Q 9. Which of the following appointments is not made by the President of India ?
(a) Chief of the Army
(b) Speaker of the Lok Sabha
(c) Chief Justice of India
(d) Chief of the Air Force
Answer: Speaker of the Lok Sabha

Q 10. Who appoints the Prime Minister of India ?
(a) Lok Sabha
(b) President
(c) Parliament
(d) Citizens of India
Answer: President

Q 11. The first woman Governor of a state in free India was
(a) Mrs. Indira Gandhi
(b) Mrs. Vijaya Laxmi Pandit
(c) Mrs. Sarojini Naidu
(d) Mrs. Sucheta Kripalani
Answer: Mrs. Sarojini Naidu

Q 12. Minimum age required to contest for Presidentship is
(a) 23 years
(b) 21 years
(c) 35 years
(d) 30 years
Answer: 35 years

Q 13. The charge of impeachment against the President of India for his removal can be preferred by
(a) Both Houses of Parliament
(b) Speaker of Lok Sabha and Chairman of Rajya Sabha
(c) Rajya Sabha
(d) Lok Sabha
Answer: Both Houses of Parliament

Q 14. The Chief Minister of a Union Territory where such a set up exists, is appointed by the
(a) Lt. Governor
(b) Majority party in Legislature
(c) President
(d) Prime Minister
Answer: Lt. Governor

Q 15. Who was the first Prime Minister of India ?
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) Mrs. Indira Gandhi
(c) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
(d) Mahatma Gandhi
Answer: Jawaharlal Nehru

Q 16. In case a President dies while in office, the vice President can act as President for a
maximum period of
(a) 1 years
(b) 3 months
(c) 6 months
(d) 2 years
Answer; 6 months

Q 17. The Union Council of Ministers consists of
(a) Cabinet Ministers, Minister of State and Deputy Ministers
(b) Cabinet Ministers and Chief Ministers of the States
(c) Prime Minister
(d) Cabinet Ministers
Answer: Cabinet Ministers, Minister of State and Deputy Ministers

Q 18. Who administers the oath of office to the President of India before he enters upon the office ?
(a) Chief Justice
(b) Speaker
(c) Vice President
(d) Prime Minister
Answer: Chief Justice

Q 19. Who among the following enjoys the rank of a Cabinet Minister of the Indian Union?
(a) None of the Above
(b) Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission
(c) Deputy Chairman, Rajya Sabha
(d) Secretary to the Government of India
Answer: Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission

Q 20. A person who is not a member of Parliament can be appointed as a Minister by the President
for a maximum period of
(a) 9 months
(b) 3 months
(c) 12 months
(d) 6 months
Answer: 6 months

Q 21. When can a President use his discretion in appointing the Prime Minister ?
(a) When no political oarty enjoys a clear majority in the Lok Sabha.
(b) Only when the Lok Sabha has been dissolved.
(c) In all circumstances
(d) In no circumstances
Answer: When no political oarty enjoys a clear majority in the Lok Sabha.

Q 22. If in a country there happens to be the office of monarchy as well as a Parliamentary form of
government this monarch will be called
(a) Head of the State
(b) Head of the Cabinet
(c) Head of the government
(d) Both Head of the government and State
Answer: Head of the State

Q 23. One feature distinguishing the Rajya Sabha from the Vidhan Parishad is
(a) Power of impeachment
(b) Indirect election
(c) Nomination of members
(d) Tenure of membership
Answer: Power of impeachment

Q 24. Chief Ministers of all the states are ex-officio members of the
(a) Planning Commission
(b) National Development Council
(c) Inter State Council
(d) Finance Commission
Answer: Inter State Council

Q 25. Who, among the following, has the final right to sanction the expenditure of public money in
India ?
(a) Speaker
(b) President
(c) Prime Minister
(d) Parliament
Answer: President

Q 26. Which of the following is not an essential qualification for appointment as a Governor ?
(a) He must not be a member of either House of Parliament.

(b) He should be a domicile of the state to which he is being appointed.
(c) He should be a citizen of India.
(d) He must have completed the age of 35 years
Answer: He should be a domicile of the state to which he is being appointed.

Q 27. The President nominates 12 members of the Rajya Sabha according to
(a) Their performance as office bearers of cultural societies.
(b) The recommendations made by the Vice President.
(c) Their role played in political set up of the country.
(d) Their distinction in the field of science, art, literature and social service.
Answer: Their distinction in the field of science, art, literature and social service.

Q 28. Which Article of the Constitution empowers the President to appoint a Commission to

investigate the condition of backward classes in general and suggest ameliorative measures?
(a) Art 342
(b) Art 344
(c) Art 340
(d) Art 339
Answer: Art 340

Q 29. Who can initiate impeachment proceedings against the President of India ?
(a) Either House of Parliament
(b) Any Vidhan Sabha
(c) Only Lok Sabha
(d) Rajya Sabha
Answer: Either House of Parliament

Q 30. Who was the member of the Rajya Sabha when first appointed as the Prime Minister of
India?
(a) Lal Bahadur Shastri
(b) Charan Singh
(c) Morarji Desai
(d) Indira Gandhi
Answer: Indira Gandhi

Q 31. What is the minimum age for appointment as a Governor ?
(a) 35 years
(b) 40 years
(c) 25 years
(d) 30 years
Answer: 35 years

Q 32. Chief Minister of a State is responsible to
(a) Prime Minister
(b) Rajya Sabha
(c) Legislative Assembly
(d) Governor
Answer; Legislative Assembly

Q 33. The administrative and operational control of the Armed Forces is exercised by the
(a) Cabinet Committee on Political Affairs with Prime Minister as the Chairman
(b) Ministry of Defence
(c) Three Chiefs of the Army, Navy and Air Force Staff
(d) President
Answer: Ministry of Defence

Q 34. What is the position of a Minister of State in the Central Government ?
(a) He is a Minister of Central Government but not a member of the Cabinet.

(b) He looks after the interests of the State Cabinet.
(c) He is the nominee of the State Governor.
(d) He is the nominee of the State Cabinet.
Answer: He is a Minister of Central Government but not a member of the Cabinet.

Q 35. Who among the following is directly responsible to Parliament for all matters concerning the
Defence Services of India ?
(a) President
(b) Prime Minister
(c) Defence Minister
(d) Cabinet Committee on Political Affairs
Answer: Defence Minister

Q 36. How many times the President of India can seek re-election to his post ?
(a) Once
(b) 3 times
(c) 2 times
(d) Any number of times
Answer; Any number of times

Q 37. Who among the following has the power to form a new state within the Union of India ?
(a) Speaker of Lok Sabha
(b) President
(c) Prime Minister
(d) Supreme Court
Answer: President

Q 38. Is the Prime Minister bound to advise the President on matters on which his advice is sought
?
(a) If the Council of Ministers so desires.
(b) Yes
(c) No
(d) It is discretionary
Answer: Yes

Q 39. When the Vice President officiates as President he draws the salary of
(a) Chairman of Rajya Sabha
(b) Both (A) and ( C )
(c) President
(d) Member of Parliament
Answer: President

Q 40. Who among the following can attend meetings of the Union Cabinet ?
(a) President
(b) Cabinet Ministers
(c) Ministers of State
(d) Deputy Ministers
Answer: Cabinet Ministers

Q 41. Who among the following has the Constitutional authority to make rules and regulations
fixing the number of members of the UPSC
(a) Vice- President
(b) President
(c) Home Ministry
(d) Cabinet Secretary
Answer: President

Q 42. Under whose advice the President of India declares Emergency under Article 352 ?
(a) Chief Ministers of all states
(b) Prime Minister
(c) Cabinet
(d) Council of Ministers
Answer: Cabinet

Q 43. Who acts as the President of India when neither the President nor the Vice President is
available ?
(a) Seniormost Governor of a State
(b) Chief Justice of India
(c) Speaker of Lok Sabha
(d) Auditor General of India
Answer: Chief Justice of India

Q 44. A proclamation of emergency issued under Article 36 must be approved by the Parliament
within
(a) 3 months
(b) 2 months
(c) 1 Month
(d) 6 weeks
Answer: 2 months

Q 45. The Union Council of Ministers is appointed by the
(a) President of India according to his discretion
(b) President of India on the advice of the Prime Minister
(c) Prime Minister of India
(d) Parliament

Answer: President of India on the advice of the Prime Minister
Q 46. The President can proclaim emergency on the written advice of the
(a) Speaker of Lok Sabha
(b) Prime Minister
(c) Chief Justice of India
(d) Union Cabinet
Answer: Prime Minister

Q 47. The Union Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to
(a) Rajya Sabha
(b) President
(c) House of the People
(d) Prime Minister
Answer: House of the People

Q 48. Article 78 of the Constitution deals with
(a) President’s power to get information from the Council of Ministers.
(b) Prime Minister’s duty regarding keeping the President informed about the government’s
decisions and policies.
(c) Emergency powers of the President
(d) President’s power to send advisory messages to the Parliament.
Answer: President’s power to send advisory messages to the Parliament.

Q 49. The maximum duration for which the Vice President may officiate as the President, is
(a) 1 year
(b) 6 months
(c) 4 months
(d) 9 months
Answer: 6 months

Q 50. The President’s Rule in a State can be continued for a maximum period of
(a) 2 years
(b) 1 year
(c) 6 months
(d) 2 1/2 years
Answer: 6 months

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The Constitution of India in English pdf for IAS $ IFS