The Present Perfect Tense In Hindi connects the past with the present. It expresses actions that were completed recently, have relevance now, or started in the past and continue into the present. Unlike simple past, it does not require a specific time reference like yesterday or last year.
In Hindi grammar, this tense is often explained as वर्तमान पूर्ण काल, meaning an action that is “fully done” but still connected to the present.
1. What Is Present Perfect Tense In Hindi?
Present Perfect Tense is formed using:
Subject + have/has + past participle (V³) of verb.
It is used:
- When the exact time is not mentioned.
- When the action finished in the recent past with relevance now.
- When an experience up to now is expressed.
- For actions that started in the past and continue now.
👉 Example:
- I have eaten lunch.
मैंने दोपहर का खाना खा लिया है।
This is different from simple past:
- I ate lunch yesterday — specific time in past.
- I have eaten lunch — no specific time; the result matters now.
Past Continuous Tense Examples
Past Continuous Tense Examples,
Are you seeking a practical and engaging way to master the nuances of English grammar, specifically the Past Continuous Tense Examples ? Look no further!
2. Why Use Present Perfect Tense In Hindi? (Uses & Meaning)
A) Recently Completed Actions
These actions have just finished but affect the present.
✔ She has just left.
वह अभी अभी चली गई है।
✔ I have finished my homework.
मैंने अपना होमवर्क पूरा कर लिया है।
Use words like just, recently, already, yet to show this effect.
B) Actions at Unspecified Time Before Now
We don’t say when it happened.
✔ I have seen that movie.
मैंने वो फिल्म देखी है।
✔ They have visited the Taj Mahal.
उन्होंने ताज महल देखा है।
Here, the exact time is not important, only that the action happened before now.
C) Past Actions with Present Result
The result of the action matters now.
✔ He has lost his keys. (Now he cannot open the door.)
✔ I have cleaned the room. (It’s clean now.)
D) Experiences Up To Now
The action may have occurred at any time in life (without a specific time).
✔ She has travelled abroad.
उसने विदेश यात्रा की है।
✔ I have learnt three languages.
मैंने तीन भाषाएँ सीखी हैं।
This use tells what someone has experienced so far.
E) Actions Starting in Past & Continuing Now
We often use since (for a specific beginning point) and for (for a duration).
✔ I have lived here since 2018.
मैं यहाँ 2018 से रह रहा हूँ।
✔ She has worked here for five years.
वह यहाँ पाँच साल से काम कर रही है।
3. Structure & Rules (With Hindi Guidance)
Affirmative (सकारात्मक) Sentences
📌 Formula:
Subject + has/have + V³ + …
| Subject | Auxiliary | Example |
|---|---|---|
| I/You/We/They | have | They have eaten dinner. |
| He/She/It | has | She has finished her work. |
👉 Example:
- I have read the book.
मैंने किताब पढ़ ली है।
Negative (नकारात्मक) Sentences
📌 Formula:
Subject + has/have + not + V³
✔ I have not seen him.
मैंने उसे नहीं देखा है।
✔ She has not finished yet.
उसने अभी तक पूरा नहीं किया है।
Interrogative (प्रश्नवाचक) Sentences
📌 Formula:
Has/Have + Subject + V³ + … ?
✔ Have you eaten lunch?
क्या तुमने दोपहर का खाना खा लिया है?
✔ Has he visited Delhi?
क्या वह दिल्ली गया है?
WH-Questions (क्या, कब, कहाँ …)
📌 Formula:
WH-word + has/have + Subject + V³ + … ?
✔ When have you finished your work?
तुमने अपना काम कब पूरा किया है?
✔ Why has she not called?
उसने अभी तक क्यों नहीं फोन किया है?
4. Common Time Expressions Used with Present Perfect Tense In Hindi
Present Perfect Tense In Hindi is often used with time expressions that do not specify a finished past time:
- just – अभी अभी
- already – पहले ही
- yet – अभी तक (usually in negatives/questions)
- ever – कभी भी (questions)
- never – कभी नहीं
- recently / lately – हाल ही में
- so far / up to now – अब तक
- since / for – से / के लिए
👉 Examples:
- Have you ever eaten sushi?
क्या तुमने कभी सुशी खाई है? - I have never seen him.
मैंने उसे कभी नहीं देखा है। - She has already completed it.
उसने इसे पहले ही पूरा कर लिया है।
5. Present Perfect vs. Simple Past — Key Differences
| Feature | Present Perfect | Simple Past |
|---|---|---|
| Time mentioned? | ❌ No | ✔ Yes |
| Focus | Result / relevance to present | Completed action long ago |
| Example | I have eaten. | I ate yesterday. |
👉 Example:
- Incorrect: He has gone to school yesterday.
- Correct: He went to school yesterday.
Use simple past when a specific past time is mentioned.
6. How to Identify Present Perfect Tense In Hindi
Often Hindi uses words like:
- चुका है / चुकी है / चुके हैं
- लिया है / दिया है / कर लिया है
These usually signal a present perfect meaning.
✔ राम खाना खा चुका है।
Ram has eaten food.
✔ लड़के अपना काम पूरा कर चुके हैं।
The boys have completed their work.
✔ मैंने यह पहले ही कर लिया है।
I have already done this.
Note: Hindi can use different expressions — but the English structure stays has/have + past participle.
7. Common Mistakes To Avoid
✅ Incorrect: He has gone yesterday.
❌ Present perfect must not be used with definite past time expressions like yesterday, last week, 2010, etc. — use simple past instead.
8. More Examples (With Hindi Meaning)
Affirmative
- We have completed the project.
हमने प्रोजेक्ट पूरा कर लिया है। - She has bought a new phone.
उसने नया फोन खरीद लिया है। - I have just arrived.
मैं अभी-अभी पहुँचा हूँ।
Negative
- They have not finished yet.
उन्होंने अभी तक पूरा नहीं किया है। - I haven’t seen him today.
मैंने उसे आज नहीं देखा है।
Questions
- Have you ever travelled abroad?
क्या तुमने कभी विदेश यात्रा की है? - Has she learnt Hindi yet?
क्या उसने अभी तक हिंदी सीखी है?
WH-Questions
- What have you done so far?
अब तक तुमने क्या किया है? - Where have they gone?
वे लोग कहाँ गए हैं?
9. Practice Exercises (Try Yourself!)
🔹 Fill in the blanks:
- She ________ (finish) her homework.
- We ________ (not meet) him yet.
- ________ you ever ________ (visit) Agra?
- I ________ (just see) that movie.
✔ Answers:
- has finished
- have not met
- Have… visited
- have just seen
10. Quick Grammar Cheat-Sheet
🔹 Positive: has/have + V³
🔹 Negative: has/have + not + V³
🔹 Question: Has/Have + Subject + V³?
🔹 Time cues: already, ever, never, just, yet, since, for
Conclusion
The Present Perfect Tense In Hindi is not just a grammar rule — it helps show connection between past actions and present results, describe experiences, and talk about ongoing conditions. Mastering it will make your English clearer, more accurate, and more fluent. Start with simple structures, practice with time expressions, and soon you’ll use it naturally!
If you want, I can also provide printable worksheets or more exercises for students!
Past Continuous Tense Examples
Past Continuous Tense Examples,
Are you seeking a practical and engaging way to master the nuances of English grammar, specifically the Past Continuous Tense Examples ? Look no further!