HSSC TGT Indian Geography handwritten notes pdf in English
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India is a South Asian country, located in the Indian subcontinent, bordered by the Arabian Sea, Indian Ocean and the Bay of Bengal. It is the seventh largest country in the world, with an area of nearly 3 million square kilometers. India is a diverse country, with a wide range of landscapes and climate zones, including the Himalayan mountain range, the Thar Desert and the Indian Ocean.
India is one of the most populous countries in the world, with over 1.2 billion people. The population is divided into various ethnic and linguistic groups, with Hindi and English being the official languages. India is also home to a variety of religions, including Hinduism, Islam, Sikhism, Buddhism, Jainism and Christianity.
India is a federal republic, with 28 states and 7 union territories. The capital of India is New Delhi, and the country is divided into four major geographical regions: the Northern Plains, the Himalayas, the Deccan Plateau and the Indian Ocean.
The Northern Plains are home to some of the most important rivers in India, including the Ganges, the Indus and the Brahmaputra. This region is also known for its agricultural productivity and is the most densely populated region of India. The Himalayan region is home to the highest mountain range in the world and is an important source of water for the country. The Deccan Plateau is a vast plateau region, which covers most of the southern part of India.
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Indian Geography handwritten notes
The Indian Ocean is home to many islands, including the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and is an important source of trade for the country. India is also home to numerous wildlife sanctuaries, national parks and other protected areas, which are home to a variety of flora and fauna.
India is one of the most economically developed countries in the world, and the economy is largely based on services, manufacturing and agriculture. India is also a major exporter of a range of commodities, including textiles, leather goods, gems and jewelry.
India has a rich and varied cultural heritage, with a variety of religions, languages, music and art forms. The country is also home to a wide variety of monuments and heritage sites, which are recognized and preserved by the government.
Indian geography is a study of the physical and human features of the country. It covers topics such as the location, size, climate, natural resources, flora and fauna, and human demographics of India. India is located in South Asia and is the seventh largest country in the world in terms of area. The country is surrounded by the Bay of Bengal in the east, the Arabian Sea in the west, and the Himalayas in the north.
The country has a diverse climate, ranging from tropical to temperate, and includes regions of desert, mountain, and forest. India is also known for its rich and varied flora and fauna, including species of animals such as tigers, elephants, and monkeys, and plants such as the teak tree and banyan tree.
In terms of human geography, India is the second most populous country in the world with a diverse mix of cultures, languages, and religions. The country is divided into 29 states and 7 union territories, each with its own distinct culture and traditions. India is also home to numerous major cities, including New Delhi (the capital), Mumbai (the financial capital), and Bangalore (the technology capital).
Overall, the geography of India plays a crucial role in shaping the country’s culture, economy, and history.
Most Important Indian Geography Question Answer
1. India is a South Asian country located in the Indian subcontinent. It is the seventh-largest country in the world by area, and the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people.
2. India is bordered by Pakistan to the west, China, Nepal and Bhutan to the north, Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east and the Indian Ocean to the south.
3. India is divided into 29 states and 7 union territories. The capital of India is New Delhi.
4. India is home to a wide variety of landscapes and climates. The Himalayan Mountains to the north prevent cold, dry air from the north from entering the subcontinent, leading to a temperate climate throughout most of the country.
5. India has a long coastline, with the Arabian Sea to the west, the Bay of Bengal to the east and the Indian Ocean to the south.
6. India has many rivers, including the Ganges, the Brahmaputra and the Yamuna.
7. India is a land of great diversity and is home to many religions, including Hinduism, Islam, Sikhism, Christianity, Jainism and Buddhism.
Most Important Indian Geography
India is a country located in South Asia, bordered by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast. It is the seventh largest country in the world by area and the second most populous country in the world, with over 1.2 billion people. India is a diverse country with a rich history and culture. It is a land of many religions and languages, and is home to a variety of landscapes, from the Himalayas in the north to the tropical beaches of the south.
India has an extremely varied geography, ranging from the snow-capped Himalayas in the north to the tropical islands of the south. The country is divided into four physical regions: the Northern Mountains, the Great Plains, the Deccan Plateau, and the Coastal Plains.
The Northern Mountains are the highest and most rugged of India’s physical regions. They are home to the world’s highest mountain range, the Himalayas, which contain several of the world’s highest peaks. This region also includes the Karakoram Range and the Hindu Kush.
The Great Plains are a large expanse of flat land that covers much of northern and central India. This region is drained by the Indus and Ganges Rivers, and is home to many of India’s major cities, including Delhi, Kolkata, and Mumbai.
The Deccan Plateau is a triangular plateau that covers much of central and southern India. It is bordered by the Eastern and Western Ghats mountain ranges and is drained by the Godavari and Krishna Rivers.
The Coastal Plains are located along India’s eastern and western coasts. This region includes the Konkan Coast, the Coromandel Coast, and the Malabar Coast. This region is home to many of India’s ports and is a major agricultural region.
Most Important Indian Geography
1. India is a large country in South Asia, bordered by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast. It shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the northeast; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east.
2. India has 28 states and 8 union territories. The states are further divided into districts.
3. India has a total land area of 3,287,263 km2 (1,269,219 sq mi). It is the seventh-largest country in the world, the second-most populous country, and the largest democracy in the world.
4. India has a vast variety of topographical features, ranging from the Himalaya mountain range in the north to the Indian Ocean in the south. The Thar Desert in the northwest and the Western Ghats in the southwest are two of the most prominent geographic features in India.
5. India has four major rivers: the Ganges, Yamuna, Brahmaputra, and Godavari. These rivers are responsible for most of the country’s irrigation and water supply.
6. India has a rich and diverse wildlife, with over 350 species of mammals, 1,200 species of birds, and more than 90,000 species of insects. The country is also home to several endangered species, including the Bengal tiger and the Indian rhinoceros.
Most Important Indian Geography
1. India is located in the southern region of the Asian continent, bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south and the Himalayas to the north.
2. India is the seventh-largest country in the world, covering an area of 3,287,263 square kilometers.
3. India is divided into 29 states and 7 union territories.
4. India has a rich and varied geography, ranging from the snow-capped Himalayan mountain range in the north to the tropical rain forests of the south.
5. India is endowed with a wide range of natural resources, including forests, rivers, minerals and agricultural land.
6. India’s climate is generally tropical and varies from region to region. The northern region has cold winters and hot summers, while the south experiences mild winters and hot summers.
7. India’s coastline is over 7,000 kilometers long and is home to an array of wildlife such as dolphins, whales, and turtles.
8. India is the birthplace of four major religions – Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism.
9. India is home to some of the world’s most famous monuments, including the Taj Mahal, the Red Fort and the Golden Temple.
Most Important Indian Geography
Geography of India
India is a vast South Asian country with diverse terrain – from Himalayan peaks to Indian Ocean coastline – and history reaching back 5 millennia. It’s known for its religious and cultural diversity, as well as its monuments such as the Taj Mahal, a mausoleum built for the Mughal ruler Shah Jahan’s wife.
India is a land of great physical and cultural diversity. The northernmost part of India is the Himalayan Mountain Range, which includes the world’s tallest peak, Mount Everest. The southernmost point of India is the Indian Ocean. The western part of India is the Arabian Sea, and the eastern part is the Bay of Bengal.
India is home to a wide variety of climates and topographies, from the dry and arid Thar Desert in the west, to the humid and tropical forests in the east. The Gangetic Plain, which stretches from the Himalayas to the Bay of Bengal, is the most populous and fertile region in India.
India is one of the most populous countries in the world, with over 1.3 billion people. The population is divided into four major ethnic groups: Indo-Aryans, Dravidians, Mongoloids, and Austro-Asiatics. The official language of India is Hindi, though English is also widely spoken.
India is home to some of the oldest civilizations in the world, including the Indus Valley Civilization, which dates back to 2500 BCE. Hinduism is the main religion of India, with over 80% of the population practicing it. Other major religions in India include Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, Buddhism, and Jainism.
India is a major regional power and is a member of the G20, the BRICS, and the United Nations. India has a mixed economy, with a growing middle class and a large number of small businesses. India is the world’s fifth-largest economy, with a GDP of over $2.9 trillion.
India has a rich and diverse culture, with art, literature, music, and dance being a major part of the national identity. India is home to several world heritage sites, including the Taj Mahal, the Ajanta and Ellora Caves, and the Red Fort.
Most Important Indian Geography Question Answer
Q 1.Which among the following states of India has the highest deposit of Monazite sands, source of Thorium?
[A] Tamil Nadu
[B] Kerala
[C] Maharastra
[D] Andhra Pradesh
Answer: D [Andhra Pradesh]
Notes:
With 3.72 million tonnes, Andhra Pradesh is the top state in India in terms of Monazite deposits. Andhra Pradesh is followed by Tamil Nadu (2.46 million tonnes), Odisha (2.41 million tonnes), Kerala (1.90 million tonnes), West Bengal (1.22 million tonnes) and Jharkhand (0.22 million tonnes).
Q 2.In which state Kudremukh which is famous for iron ore is located?
[A] Karnataka
[B] Bihar
[C] Odisha
[D] Assam
Answer: A [Karnataka]
Notes:
Kudremukh is the name of a mountain range in Chikkamagaluru district and a small mining town in Karnataka. It is Karnataka’s second highest peak after Mullayanagiri. The Kudremukh township was developed as an Iron ore mining town to operate the public sector Kudremukh Iron Ore Company Ltd. This company was closed in 2006 due to environmental issues.
Q 3.Bring out the incorrectly matched pair ?
[A] Baira Siul Project : Himachal Pradesh
[B] Solal Project – Jammu & Kashmir
[C] Tanakur Project – Uttar Pradesh
[D] Koel Karo Project – Bihar
Answer: D [Koel Karo Project – Bihar]
Notes:
Koel Karo Project is in Jharkhand
Q 4.Most of the Jute Mills of India are located in which state:
[A] Chhattisgarh
[B] West Bengal
[C] Assam
[D] Orissa
Answer: B [West Bengal]
Q 5.In which of the following Himalaya , high peaks are very rare?
[A] Kashmir Himalaya
[B] Punjab Himalaya
[C] Kumaon Himalaya
[D] Trans Himalayas
Answer: B [Punjab Himalaya]
Notes: Pira Panjal is in kashmir Himalaya,
Nanda devi Kamet, Trishul, Badrinath & kedarnath are in Kumaon Himalayas,
Mount Everest, Makalu, Kanchanjanga, Daulagiri, Annapurna etc are in central Himalays,
K2, nangaparbat, harmosh etc. are in trans Himalaya,
Naga Hills and Patkai Bum Hills are in Assam Himalaya.
High Peaks are rare in Punjab Himalayas.
Q 6.Which among the following is a typical Monsoon vegetation in India?
[A] Tropical evergreen forests
[B] Tropical deciduous forest
[C] Tropical thorn forests
[D] Sub Tropical evergreen forests
Answer: B [Tropical deciduous forest]
Q 7.The Jakham Dam is located in which state?
[A] Madhya Pradesh
[B] Gujarat
[C] Rajasthan
[D] Uttar Pradesh
Answer: C [Rajasthan]
Notes: The Jakham Dam is located in Pratapgarh District in Rajasthan. It is built on the Jakham river, which originates from a small village Jakhamia in Chhoti Sadrisub division. The length of the Dam is 253 meters, out of which spill way is in 90 m in length.
Q 8.Which among the following states has highest population density?
[A] Maharastra
[B] Bihar
[C] West Bengal
[D] Uttar Pradesh
Answer: B [Bihar]
Notes: The population density of India in 2011 was 382 per sq.km. Bihar with 1,106 population persons per sq.km is most thickly populated state followed by West Bengal (1,028) and Kerala (860).
Q 9.Mullaperiyar Dam” has been a long pending issue between which of the following two states?
[A] Karnataka & Kerala
[B] Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu
[C] Karnataka & Tamil Nadu
[D] Tamil Nadu and Kerala
Answer: D [Tamil Nadu and Kerala]
Notes: Mullaperiyar Dam is a masonry gravity dam. It is located on the Periyar River in the Indian state of Kerala. It has been a long pending issue between Tamilnadu and Kerala.
Q 10.Which of the following Monsoons account for most of the rainfall in India?
[A] North East Monsoon
[B] South West Monsoon
[C] South East Monsoon
[D] East Asia Monsoon
Answer: B [South West Monsoon]
Notes:
The southwestern summer monsoons occur from July through September. Most of the rainfall in India, particularly, North, West and East, occurs due to South West Monsoon.
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Most Important Indian Geography Question Answer
Q 11.Which among the following separated the Great Plains of India from the Shiwalik?
[A] Main Control Thrust
[B] Main Boundary Thrust
[C] Himalayan Frontal Fault
[D] Great Boundary Fault
Answer: C [Himalayan Frontal Fault]
Notes:
Himalayan Frontal Fault (HFF) separated the Great Plains of India from the Shiwalik. The Great Plains of India is the alluvial deposits of Himalayan and the peninsular rivers and their tributaries.
Q 12.What is the approximate total length of the northern plain in India?
[A] 1500 km
[B] 1750 km
[C] 2400 km
[D] 3200 km
Answer: C [2400 km]
Notes:
The approximate length of the northern plain in India is about 2400 km and the width is 145 to 480 km.
Q 13.Which of the following statements is/ are correct?
[A] Himalayas are the oldest mountains
[B] Himalayas have risen from the Tethys Sea when the sea got compressed
[C] One Himalayas were formed due to faulting of the earth’s crust
[D] All of the above
Answer: B [Himalayas have risen from the Tethys Sea when the sea got compressed]
Notes:
Himalayas have risen from the Tethys Sea when the Sea got compressed.
Q 14.Which among the following glaciers are located in Karakoram Range?
1. Siachin
2. Hispara
3. Baltora
4. Khordopin
Choose the correct option from the codes given below :
[A] 1 & 2
[B] 1, 3 & 4
[C] 2, 3 & 4
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4
Answer: D [1, 2, 3 & 4]
Notes:
The names of the glacier locate din Karakoram are Siachin, Hispara, Baltora, Khordopin, Sasaini, Biafo, Chogo Lungma etc.
Q 15.Jelep La pass is located in which of the following Himalayan regions?
[A] Punjab Himalaya
[B] Kashmir Himalaya
[C] Sikkim Himalaya
[D] Himachal Himalaya
Answer: C [Sikkim Himalaya]
Notes:
Jelep La (Elevation 4,267 m or 13,999 ft) is a high mountain pass between Sikkim, India and Tibet.
Q 16.Kashmir and Kargil are connected through which of the following passes?
[A] Khardung La Pass
[B] Pirpanjal Pass
[C] Zozila Pass
[D] Pensi La Pass
Answer: D [ Pensi La Pass]
Notes:
Pensi La Pass connects Kashmir and Kargil. It is situated in Jammu & Kashmir at an elevation of 4,400 meters above sea level.
Q 17.Which among the following are the famous hill stations of Maharashtra?
1. Lonavala
2. Pachmarhi
3. Amboli
4. Khandala
Choose the correct option from the codes given below :
[A] 1 & 2
[B] 1, 2 & 3
[C] 1, 3 & 4
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4
Answer: C [1, 3 & 4]
Notes: Pachmarhi hill station is located in Hoshangabad district of Madhya Pradesh.
Q 18.Which of the following types of vegetation are found in the cold desert region of India?
1. Himalayan moist temperate forests
2. Himalayan dry temperate forests
3. Sub-alpine forests
4. Moist as well as dry alpine scrub
Choose the correct option from the codes given below :
[A] 1 & 2
[B] 2 & 4
[C] 1, 2 & 4
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4
Answer: D [1, 2, 3 & 4]
Notes:- The type of vegetation found in the cold desert region of India- Himalayan moist as well as dry temperate forests, Sub-alpine forests and Moist as well as dry alpine scrub.
Q 19.Which of the following is the new name of the Ross island?
[A] Mahatma Gandhi Island
[B] Abdul Kalam Island
[C] Jawaharlal Nehru Island
[D] Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Island
Answer: D [Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Island]
Notes:- The new name of the Ross island is Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Island. The new name was given in the year 2018. This island is a part of the South Andaman administrative area.
Q 20.Which of the following island of Assam was given the name “Peacock Island” by the British?
[A] Majuli Island
[B] Dibru Saikhowa Island
[C] Umananda Island
[D] None of the above
Answer: C [Umananda Island]
Notes:- Umananda Island was given the name “Peacock Island” by the British. It is a smallest river island in the river of Brahmaputra.
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