Biomolecule NCERT handwritten notes pdf for NEET exam

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Biomolecule NCERT handwritten notes pdf for NEET exam:- Today we are sharing Biomolecule NCERT handwritten notes pdf for NEET exam. This Biomolecule NCERT handwritten notes pdf for NEET exam download for upcoming examination like NEET, JEE, NTPC, SSC CGL, LIC, REET, UPPSC, MPTET, DSSSB, RPSC, UPSC, DRDO, DDA, AAI, SSC GD, ALL STATE PCS EXAM. This Biomolecule NCERT handwritten notes pdf for NEET exam download and important questions Biomolecule NCERT handwritten notes pdf for NEET exam download which Will be helpful for you in preparing for the exams. Keep watching the updates on this website every day, here the notes and questions are updated daily, if you need notes/questions on any subject or topic, then you can contact our team. pdfdownload.in The team is looking forward to supporting you.

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Most Important Biomolecule Question Answer

Q 1. What are monosaccharides?

Ans: Monosaccharides, known as simple sugars, comprise one sugar unit that cannot be further broken down into simple sugars. We can classify a monosaccharide on the basis of the number of carbon atoms and the functional group present in them. The monosaccharide, which contains an aldehyde group, is termed an aldose, and those which have a keto group are called ketoses. Depending on the number of carbon atoms present in a monosaccharide, it is further classified as trioses, tetroses, pentoses, hexoses and heptoses. For example, we can call an aldose which contains 3 carbon atoms as aldotriose and a keto which contains 3 carbon atoms as ketotriose.

Q 2. What are reducing sugars?

Ans: Those type of carbohydrates which reduces Fehling’s solution and Tollen’s reagent are termed as reducing sugars.

Q 3. Write two main functions of carbohydrates in plants.

Ans: The two main functions of carbohydrates in a plant are as follows:

(a) Polysaccharides like starch act as storage molecules.

(b) Cellulose is used to build the cell wall, and it is a polysaccharide.

Q 4. Classify the following into monosaccharides and disaccharides. Ribose, 2-deoxyribose, maltose, galactose, fructose and lactose.

Ans: Monosaccharides: 2-deoxyribose, galactose, ribose, fructose

Disaccharides: lactose, maltose

Q 5. What is glycogen? How is it different from starch?

Ans: Glycogen, also termed animal starch, is found only in animals. It is a polysaccharide. Both glycogen and starch are the main sources of glucose that provides energy to humans that are later converted into carbohydrates. They differ in structure. Starch comprises a chain and a branched compound, whereas glycogen is composed of a single molecule and is branched.

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Most Important Biomolecule Question Answer

Q 6. Enumerate the reactions of D-glucose, which cannot be explained by its open chain structure.

Ans:

(i) The pentaacetate of glucose does not react with hydroxylamine. This shows that a free −CHO group is not present in glucose.

(ii) Aldehydes form the hydrogen sulphite additional product by giving 2,4 – DNP test, Schiff’s test and react with NaHSO_{4}NaHSO
4
​
. But glucose does not undergo these reactions.

(iii) Glucose is available in two crystalline forms \alphaα and \betaβ. The \alphaα form (m.p. = 419 K) crystallises from a concentrated solution of glucose at 303 K, and the \betaβ form (m.p = 423 K) crystallises from a hot and saturated aqueous solution at 371 K. This behaviour can’t be explained by the open chain structure of glucose.

Q 7. What are essential and non-essential amino acids? Give two examples of each type.

Ans:

The amino acids, which are required by the human body, are called essential amino acids, but these cannot be produced inside the human body. They must be taken from any external source like food, for example, leucine and valine.

The amino acids which are required by the human body and can be produced inside the body are called non–essential amino acids, for example, glycine and alanine.

Q 8. What is the effect of denaturation on the structure of proteins?

Ans:

The outcome of denaturation, helixes get uncoiled, and globules get unfolded. There would be no change in the primary structure of the protein, while the secondary and the tertiary structure gets destroyed. We can say that the secondary and the tertiary–structured proteins are changed into primary–structured proteins. Also, because of the loss of secondary and tertiary structure, the enzymes lose their activity.

Q 9. How are vitamins classified? Name the vitamin responsible for the coagulation of blood.

Ans:

We can classify vitamins on the basis of solubility in water or fat into two categories.

(a) Water-soluble vitamins: Vitamins which are soluble in water come in the category.

For example, B group vitamins (B_{1}, B_{2}, B_{12}, \; etc.B
1
​
,B
2
​
,B
12
​
,etc.) and vitamin C.

(b) Fat-soluble vitamins: Those vitamins which are soluble only in fat, not in the water, come under this group. For example, Vitamins A, D, E, and K.

However, biotin or Vitamin H is neither soluble in water nor in fat.

The vitamin which is responsible for the coagulation of blood is Vitamin K.

Q 10. Why are Vitamin A and Vitamin C essential to us? Give their important sources.

Ans:

These two vitamins are essential to us because the deficiency of these two vitamins causes us harmful diseases like xerophthalmia (which hardens the cornea of the eye) and night blindness. While the deficiency of Vitamin C causes scurvy (bleeding gums).

The sources of these two vitamins are given below:

Vitamin A: Carrots, fish liver oil, milk and butter.

Vitamin C: Amla, citrus fruits and green leafy vegetables.

Q 11. What are nucleic acids? Mention their two important functions.

Ans: It is a molecule which is found as one of the constituents of chromosomes which is found in the nuclei of all living cells.

Nucleic acid can be categorised into two categories: ribonucleic acid (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).

Nucleic acids are long-chain polymers of nucleotides, so they are also known as polynucleotides.

(i) It is responsible for heredity. In heredity, there is a transfer of inherent characters from one generation to another. This process is held by the DNA.

(ii) The protein cell synthesis is held by nucleic acid (both RNA and DNA). Protein synthesis is majorly done by the various RNA molecules in a cell, while DNA contains the message for the synthesis of a specific protein.

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