Biology handwritten Notes pdf in English for UPSC EXAM
Hello friends,
Biology is the study of living organisms, including their structure, function, and behavior.
Cells are the basic unit of life, and all organisms are made up of one or more cells.
DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the genetic material that carries the instructions for the development and function of all living organisms.
Evolution is the process by which species change over time in response to changes in their environment.
Homeostasis is the ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes.
The five kingdoms of life are Monera (bacteria), Protista (single-celled organisms), Fungi (mushrooms, yeasts), Plantae (plants), and Animalia (animals).
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy.
Respiration is the process by which organisms convert glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide and water, releasing energy in the process.
The nervous system is responsible for controlling and coordinating the body’s functions, while the endocrine system regulates the body’s hormones.
Ecology is the study of the interactions between organisms and their environment, including the biotic and abiotic factors that influence them.
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Most Important Biology Question Answer
Q 1. Which are the glands of the body which pour their seretions directly into the blood stream?
➥Endocrine glands
Q 2. A typical human ribcage consists of how many ribs?
➥24
Q 3. Which cell organelle is responsible for cellular respiration?
➥Mitochondrium
Q 4. Which communicable disease is caused by bacteria?
➥Leprosy
Q 5. What is the first compound which is fixed during photosynthesis?
➥Glucose
Q 6. Which substance found in blood which helps in cloting?
➥Fibrinogen
Q 7. What is in a healthy person rate of heart beat on one minute?
➥72 times
Q 8. Myxoedema is disorder produed due to hypersecretion of which gland?
➥Thyroid
Q 9. What does protein deficiency in children usually between the age of 1 to 3 year cause?
➥Kwashiorkor
Q 10. Which continent has the lowest birth and death rates?
➥Europe
Q 11. Which disease is caused by bacteria and spread though faecal matter by houseflies?
➥Typhoid
Q 12. What is a glass sided tank, bowl in which aquatic animals live?
➥Aquarium
Q 13. The word “biodiversity” is a combination of which two words?
➥Biology and diversity ”
Q 14. All of the organisms living in a particular area, what do they make up?
➥A biological community ”
Q 15. Which disease is caused by the bite of a mad dog?
➥Hydrophobia
Q 16. Wisdom teeth normally grow during the which age?
➥17-30 years
Q 17. Which disease is characterised by inflammation of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord?
➥Meningitis
Q 18. What is Amnesia?
➥Related to loss of memory
Q 19. What is the normal cholesterol level in human blood?
➥180-200 mg%
Q 20. What is Syrinx?
➥Voice box in Birds
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Most Important Biology Question Answer
Q 1. For which among the following is not a true fruit?
A. Apple
B. Date
C. Grape
D. Plum
Answer : D. Plum
Q 2. Which of the following is least infectious?
A. leprosy
B. hepatitis
C. tuberculosis
D. conjunctivitis
Answer : A. leprosy
Q 3. Which of the following is not a mosquito-borne disease?
A. Dengue fever
B. Malaria
C. Sleeping sickness
D. Filariasis
Answer : C. Sleeping sickness
Q 4. In certain amino acids, which one of the following elements is found in addition to carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen?
A. Phosphorus
B. Zinc
C. Calcium
D. Sulphur
Answer : D. Sulphur
Q 5. Among the following elements, which one is essential for the transmission of impulses in the nerve fibre?
A. Calcium
B. Iron
C. Sodium
D. Zinc
Answer : A. Calcium
Q 6. The vitamin which is very liable and easily destroyed during cooking as well as storage is
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitaminb6
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin K
Answer : C. Vitamin C
Q 7. The compound used in anti-malarial drug is
A. Aspirin
B. Neoprene
C. Isoprene
D. Chloroquin
Answer : D. Chloroquin
Q 8. Which of the following is a skin disease?
A. Anaemia
B. Pellagra
C. Osteomalacia
D. Rickets
Answer : B. Pellagra
Q 9. The richest source of vitamin D is
A. Cod liver oil
B. Spinach
C. Milk
D. Cheese
Answer : A. Cod liver oil
Q 10. Which of the following tests helps in diagnosis of cancer?
A. X-ray
B. Urine test
C. Blood test
D. Biopsy test
Answer : D. Biopsy test
Q 11. Which one of the following is an enzyme?
A. Glucagon
B. Insulin
C. Somatotropin
D. Trypsin
Answer : D. Trypsin
Q 12. Which vitamin is provided by sunlight to the body?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin B
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin D
Answer : D. Vitamin D
Q 13. The deficiency of which of the following leads to dental caries?
A. Iron
B. Copper
C. Fluorine
D. Zinc
Answer : C. Fluorine
Q 14. Healing of wounds is hastened by vitamin
A. A
B. E
C. C
D. K
Answer : C. C
Q 15. Which of the following diseases is caused by the bite of a mad dog?
A. Hydrocele
B. Hydrophobia
C. Hydrocephatus
D. Hydroperitoneum
Answer : B. Hydrophobia
Q 16. Which of the following vegetable proteins is considered as good as an animal protein?
A. Soyabean protein
B. corn protein
C. Wheat protein
D. Bengal gram protein
Answer : A. Soyabean protein
Q 17. Carotene in Indian cow’s milk causes
A. Creamish white colour
B. yellow colour
C. deep yellow colour
D. no change
Answer : B. yellow colour
Q 18. A woman who weighs 45 kg and whose work involves a lot of physical exertion needs
A. 2800 calories per day
B. 3000 calories per day
C. 25000 calories per day
D. 3700 calories per day
Answer : B. 3000 calories per day
Q 19. Foot and mouth disease is found in
A. Cats and dogs
B. Cattle
C. Poultry
D. Humans
Answer : B. Cattle
Q 20. Which one of the following is a primate?
A. Bear
B. Otter
C. Loris
D. Pangolin
Answer : C. Loris
Q 21. To which one of the following types of organisms do mushrooms belong?
A. Algae
B. Ferns
C. Fungi
D. Lichens
Answer : C. Fungi
Q 22. Food wrapped in newspaper is likely to get contaminated with
A. Lead
B. Aluminium
C. Iron
D. Magnesium
Answer : A. Lead
Q 23. Which one of the following produces seeds but no flowers?
A. Cashew nut
B. Coffee
C. Ground nut
D. Pine
Answer : C. Ground nut
Q 24. Which one of the following plants is used for green manuring in India?
A. Wheat
B. Sunhemp
C. Cotton
D. Rice
Answer : B. Sunhemp
Q 25. The combination of foods providing protein quality nearest to that of meat is
A. Wheat, dal and groundnuts
B. Bread and butter
C. Sprouted gram and groundnuts
D. Groundnuts and jiggery
Answer : C. Sprouted gram and groundnuts
Q 26. Which one of the following disease is Inheritable?
A. Leukaemia
B. Colour blindness
C. Malignancy
D. Hepatitis
Answer : B. Colour blindness
Q 27. Which one of the following elements are present in all proteins? 1. Carbon 2. Hydrogen 3. Oxygen 4. Nitrogen
A. 2 and 3
B. 1,2 and 4
C. 1,3 and 4
D. 1,2,3 and 4
Answer : D. 1,2,3 and 4
Q 28. For which one among the following diseases no vaccine is yet available?
A. Tetanus
B. Malaria
C. Measles
D. Mumps
Answer : B. Malaria
Q 29. Which of the following vitamins is synthesised in the body by intenstinal bacteria?
A. vitamin B1
B. vitamin B4
C. vitamin D
D. vitaminsK
Answer : D. vitaminsK
Q 30. BCG vaccination (Bacillus Calmette Guerine) is injected to get immunity from
A. Polio
B. Cholera
C. Small pox
D. Tuberculosis
Answer : D. Tuberculosis
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