Biological classification handwritten notes for NEET

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Biological classification handwritten notes for NEET:- Today we are sharing Biological classification handwritten notes for NEET. This Biological classification handwritten notes for NEET for upcoming examination like NEET, JEE, NTPC, SSC CGL, LIC, REET, UPPSC, MPTET, DSSSB, RPSC, UPSC, DRDO, DDA, AAI, SSC GD, ALL STATE PCS EXAM. Biological classification handwritten notes for NEET and important questions Biological classification handwritten notes for NEET which Will be helpful for you in preparing for the exams. Keep watching the updates on this website every day, here the notes and questions are updated daily, if you need notes/questions on any subject or topic, then you can contact our team. pdfdownload.in The team is looking forward to supporting you.

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Most Important Biological classification Question Answer

Q1. Discuss how classification systems have undergone several changes over a period of time?

Answer: The classification systems keep on changing as new species are found and classified. Till now, the classification system has undergone several changes. The first-ever classification was given by Aristotle who divided plants into herbs, shrubs, and trees based on their habit and animals based on the presence or absence of red blood.

Later on, this classification system was rejected because it was misleading. Linnaeus then classified all organisms into two large kingdoms i.e. plants and animals. Since, this system could not distinguish between eukaryotes or prokaryotes, unicellular or multicellular organisms, it was also rejected. Further, three-kingdom and four-kingdom classification were proposed by Ernst Haeckel and Copeland respectively. These were soon replaced by the five-kingdom classification by R.H Whittaker. In this system, organisms were divided into five kingdoms on the basis of cell structure, body organization, mode of nutrition and reproduction, and phylogenetic relationships, namely monera, protista, fungi, plantae, and animalia. Even this classification system was not up to the mark, so corrections are being made in this. Thus, we can conclude that classification systems have undergone several changes over a period of time.

Q2. State two economically important uses of (a) heterotrophic bacteria (b) archaebacteria

Answer:

(a). Economically important uses of heterotrophic bacteria

1. Some heterotrophic bacteria are decomposers and they help in humus formation.
2. Heterotrophic bacteria like Rhizobium also aid in fixing nitrogen for plants.
3. Heterotrophic bacteria like Lactobacillus help in the formation of curd

(b). Economically important uses of archaebacteria

1. Archaebacteria such as Methanobacterium and some others are used in the production of gobar gas which is used as fuel as it contains methane.
2. Certain archaebacteria are used in bioleaching of minerals.

3. Archaebacteria such as Thermus aquaticus are used to obtain Taq polymerase enzyme which is used in recombinant DNA technology.

Q3. What is the nature of cell walls in diatoms?

Answer: The cell wall of diatoms is composed of two layers, thin overlapping shells which fit together in such a way that they look like a soap case. The cell wall is impregnated with silica in characteristic patterns. Diatom cell walls are almost indestructible and on accumulation, they form diatomaceous earth which is used for purification and filtration of petroleum and other crude products.

Q4. Find out what do the terms mean; algal bloom and red-tides; signify.

Answer: Algal bloom- An algal bloom is a term used for excessive growth of algae over a water body causing discoloration of the water body. This abnormal growth is due to availability of high amounts of mineral and nutrient content in water bodies spilled off from fields and industries which contain chemicals utilized by algae for growth. Algal blooms result in the death of fishes and other aquatic organisms as it consumes the oxygen available for its own growth and metabolic processes.

Red tides- Red tide is the red coloration of seawater due to the presence of dinoflagellate Gonyaulax. This dinoflagellate produces toxins that lead to the death of fish.

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Most Important Biological classification Question Answer

Q5. How are viroids different from viruses?

Answer: Viroids are different from viruses in the following aspects :

Viroids are smaller in size than viruses.
Viruses are made up of protein encapsulating the genetic material whereas viroids are free RNA particles.
Viroids cause diseases in plants whereas viruses infect both plants and animals.

Q6. Describe briefly the four major groups of Protozoa.

Answer: All protozoans are single-celled, cell-wall-lacking, heterotrophic organisms that live as predators or parasites. Protozoans are considered to be primitive relatives of animals. Protozoa are divided into four groups based on their organ of motility.

Amoeboid protozoa- This type of protozoa is found in freshwater, seawater, or moist soil. They can move and capture their prey with the help of pseudopodia. The pseudopodia are the extensions of the cell membrane. Example: Amoeba.
Flagellated protozoa- These protozoa can be parasitic or free-living. They use their flagella for movement. Example Trypanosoma causing sleeping sickness.
Ciliated protozoa- These protozoa possess many cilia on their bodies for movement. Ciliated protozoa are characterized by the presence of two nuclei i.e. macronuclei and micronuclei. Example: Paramoecium
Sporozoa- These protozoa include organisms that have an infectious spore-like stage in their life cycle. Sporozoans do not possess cilia or flagella. They are mostly endoparasites. E.g. Plasmodium.

Q7. Plants are autotrophic. Can you think of some partially heterotrophic plant?

Answer: Plants are autotrophic organisms as they prepare their food materials by converting light energy into chemical energy. However, some plants can adapt to the heterotrophic mode of nutrition for some specific requirements.
For example, the Pitcher plant ( Nepenthes ) is green and autotrophic but it grows in nitrogen-deficient soil. So, in order to fulfill its nitrogen needs, it preys upon insects. The leaf of Nepenthes is modified into a pitcher-like structure. In this structure, insects get trapped and are digested by strong digestive enzymes present in it.
Since the plant is performing photosynthesis and it is carnivorous only for obtaining nitrogen, it is said to be partially heterotrophic.

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